1. listen to a headmaster talking about school activities
listen to sb do / doing sth
現(xiàn)在分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行, 而不帶to的不定式則強(qiáng)調(diào)過程
小偷在超市偷東西時(shí)被抓住了.
The thief was caught stealing in the supermarket.
我看見老人過了馬路.
I saw the old man cross the street.
我們可以聽見森林里的鳥叫.
We can hear the birds singing in the forest.
你聽到她在花園里讀中文了嗎?
Did you hear her read Chinese in the garden?
[拓展] 這一類的詞: see / hear / watch / observe / notice / catch / find / listen to / look at 等
[練習(xí)] 1. --- Do you often hear her _____ the song?
--- Yes. When I was walking past her house, I heard her ____ it.
A. to sing, singing
B. singing, singing
C. sing, singing
D. singing, to sing
2. He looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting
2. discuss the following questions with a partner
follow
v. 1. 跟隨
Follow me!
那男孩跟著爸爸出去了.
The boy followed his father out.
2. 沿著, 遵循, 照…辦
這些命令必須立刻照辦.
These orders must be followed at once.
你必須按照老師的建議辦事.
You must follow your teacher’s advice.
3. 聽懂, 理解
Can you follow me?
[拓展]
1. following adj. 接著的, 下述的 與the 連用
次年戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束了.
The following / coming year the war came to an end.
= In the year that followed the war came to an end.
3. as follows 如下
The rule is as follows. 規(guī)則如下.
4. at ease with our teacher
ease 1) vt. 使輕松, 使安靜
我給他些藥使他減輕疼痛.
I gave him some medicine to ease the pain.
2) n. 輕松,自在
at (one’s) ease 輕松,自在
他在這個(gè)陌生的房間里感到很緊張..
He didn’t feel at his ease in the strange room.
with ease 容易地, 輕松地 = easily
他們有望在這次比賽中輕松獲勝.
They are expected to win the game with ease.
take one’s ease 休息,輕松一下
5. do you know of any other differences between the lives of Chinese and British high school students?
辨析: know, know of, know about
know 表示直接地認(rèn)識(shí),知道具體的人或事
know of 間接地了解, 聽說, 知道有關(guān)…的情況
know about 與know of 意義相同, 但含有更詳細(xì),具體的了解
I happen to know of him, but I don’t know him.
我碰巧聽說過他, 但我不認(rèn)識(shí)他.
了解一門語言并不意味著懂這門語言.
Knowing about a language doesn’t mean knowing the language.
6. Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me. (Page 2, line 1)
1) Going to a British school for one year 是動(dòng)名詞短語作主語, 動(dòng)名詞短語一般充當(dāng)主語, 賓語,表語等.
學(xué)英語會(huì)花你很多時(shí)間.
Learning English will take you a lot of time.
老師的工作是教學(xué).
Teachers’ job is teaching.
錯(cuò)過頭班車意味著等一小時(shí).
Missing the first bus means waiting for an hour.
2) experience
a. experience作不可數(shù)名詞。意為“體驗(yàn)”“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”“從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中獲得的知識(shí)和技能”。后接介詞in或of短語，表示在某方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。如：
Have you had any experience in work of this sort?
你對(duì)這工作有經(jīng)驗(yàn)嗎？
Experience comes from practice.
經(jīng)驗(yàn)來源于實(shí)踐。
She is a teacher with more than 20 years' experience in teaching but not in driving at all.
她是一位具有20多年教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師，但在駕車方面卻毫無經(jīng)驗(yàn)可談。
b.作可數(shù)名詞意為“經(jīng)歷”。如：
The car accident was a terrible experience to him.
那次車禍對(duì)他來說是一次可怕的經(jīng)歷。
Please tell us your experiences of living abroad for so many years.
請(qǐng)向我們介紹一下你在國外生活多年的經(jīng)歷。
Do you have such experiences as diving 100 metres in the sea?
你有過潛到100米深處的海水里的經(jīng)歷嗎？
c.作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“體驗(yàn) u有……經(jīng)驗(yàn)”．如：
Have you experienced real hunger?
你體驗(yàn)過真正饑餓的滋味嗎？
He experienced the greatest hardship for the first time in his life.
他首次體驗(yàn)有生以來最大的困難。
Experiencing pain is as valuable as experiencing pleasure.
經(jīng)歷痛苦和體驗(yàn)快樂一樣珍貴。
d. experience的形容詞為experienced，意為“有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的”。如：
The job calls for an experienced man.
這份工作需要有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人。
An experienced doctor is operating on the wounded soldier.
一位老練的醫(yī)生在給那位受傷的士兵做手術(shù)。
be experienced in (doing) sth
[練習(xí)]
I know from _______ that I can’t believe in a person like him.
A. experience
B. an experience
C. experiences
D. the experience
7. I was happy with the school hours in Btitain. (Page 2, line 2)
be happy with sb / sth = be pleased / satisfied with 對(duì)…感到滿意
你對(duì)測(cè)試的結(jié)果滿意嗎?
Are you happy with the result of the test?
我對(duì)他為我所作的感到滿意.
I’m happy with what he has done for me.
be happy to do sth 樂于做某事
The students are very happy to have a long holiday.
8. this means I could get up an hour later than usual. (Page 2, line 4)
1) mean (meant, meant, meaning) vt.
① 表示…意思 mean + n. / that
The red light means “stop”.
② 意欲,打算 mean to do sth 打算做某事
班主任意欲懲罰那些調(diào)皮的孩子.
The class teacher means to punish the naughty students.
③ 意味著,意指 mean doing sth
獨(dú)立自主并不意味著閉關(guān)自守.
Independence doesn’t mean shutting the door to the world.
④ mean sb to do sth 打算讓某人做某事
I mean you to work as our spokesman.
⑤ means n. 方法,方式 單復(fù)數(shù)相同
by means of 以…, 借著…
Thought can be expressed by means of music.
思想可以通過音樂表達(dá).
by all means 無論如何, 務(wù)必
Finish it by all means.
by no means 一點(diǎn)也不Most teachers are by no means happy with their income.
老師對(duì)自己的收入不滿意.
[練習(xí)]
---- You are so lucky.
---- What do you mean __ that?
A. for B. in C. of D. by
2) than usual比平常
as usual和往常一樣
than expected比預(yù)料…
as expected正像預(yù)料的那樣
than supposed比推測(cè)…
In the summer vacation, he is as busy as usual.
在暑假里，他和往常一樣忙。
I got a higher mark than expected.
我得分比預(yù)料要高。
Our team won the game as expected.
正如預(yù)料的那樣，我們隊(duì)贏了這場(chǎng)比賽。
9. On the first day, all students went to attend the assembly. (Page 2, line 6)
1) attend
vt.出席，參加
我們希望出席的人越多越好。
We’d like as many people as possible to attend.
他們一定參加了瑪麗的婚禮。
They are sure to have attended Mary’s wedding.
辨析
take part in, join, join in, attend
①Take part in 指參加會(huì)議或群眾性活動(dòng)等, 著重說明句子主語參加該活動(dòng)并在活動(dòng)中發(fā)揮作用.
We will take part in social practice during the summer vacation.
② join 有兩種用法
Ⅰ. 指參加某個(gè)黨派,團(tuán)體組織等,成為其成員之一, 如參軍, 入團(tuán), 入黨等.
join the army / the Young Pioneers / the Party
Ⅱ. Join sb in (doing) sth 和某人一起做某事
Will you join us in the discussion?
He will join us singing the song.
③ join in 多指參加小規(guī)模的活動(dòng), 如球賽,游戲等Come along and join in the ball game.
④ attend 是正式用語, 及物動(dòng)詞, 指參加會(huì)議, 婚禮,葬禮, 典禮,去上學(xué),去上課,聽報(bào)告等
attend the meeting / lecture /
對(duì)應(yīng)練習(xí)
My brother ______ the army in 2002.
A. joined B. joined in C. attended D. joined with
---Would you like to _____ playing basketball?
---Certainly.
A. join us B. join us in C. join us with D. take a part in
Yesterday my parents went to _____ an evening party.
A. attend B. take part C. join D. join at
We should ______ the sports and games.
A. take a part in B. take active part in C. take an active part in D. attend
2) assembly
n.集會(huì)，會(huì)議
They were fighting for freedom of speech and freedom of assembly.
他們?cè)跒檠哉撟杂珊图瘯?huì)自由而斗爭.
The headmaster will give a speech at the assembly.
校長將在會(huì)議上講話.
拓展
assemble vt.聚集，集合，收集
All the students were asked to assemble in the main hall.
對(duì)應(yīng)練習(xí)
根據(jù)漢語完成句子
1） 在第一天所有學(xué)生都去參加集會(huì)。
On the first day, all the students went to attend assembly.
2） 所有學(xué)生都被要求在操場(chǎng)上集合。
All the students were asked to assemble on the playground.
10. He also told us the best way to earn respect from the school was to work hard and achieve high grades. (Page 2, line 9)
1) earn
Vt.獲得，賺，掙得
He earns about ￡20,000 a year.
他一年掙大約2萬英鎊.
As a teacher, she had earned the respect and admiration of her students.
作為一名老師, 她已獲得了她的學(xué)生們的尊敬和敬佩.
earn a (one’s) living earn one’s bread 謀生2) respect
n. 尊敬，敬重
win / earn respect 贏得尊敬
have / show respect for sb 尊敬某人
lose the respect of sb 失去…的尊敬
The students have great respect for their history teacher.
學(xué)生們非常尊敬他們的歷史老師.
Give my respects to your wife.
請(qǐng)代我向你太太問好.
The teacher lost the respect of his students.
這個(gè)老師失去了學(xué)生們的尊敬.
Vt. 尊敬
respect sb for sth 因…尊敬某人
respect oneself 自重,自尊
[拓展]
in all respects 無論從哪方面來看
in respect of 關(guān)于，就。。。來說
without respect to 不管，不考慮
with respect to 談到It is good manners to __________ the elders.
A. show respect for
B. show respect with
C. have respect to
D. have respect of
3) achieve
Vt. 贏得，取得，實(shí)現(xiàn)，成就
He finally achieved success.
她終于取得了成功.
All you have achieved is to upset your parents.
你唯一做到的就是使你的父母難過.
拓展
achievement n.成就，成績，功績
It was a remarkable achievement for such a young player.
如此年輕的選手有這樣的成就真是了不起.
對(duì)應(yīng)練習(xí)
① 我今天沒做成多少事。
I haven’t achieved very much today.
② 他們對(duì)孩子們的成績感到自豪。
They were proud of their children’s achievements.
③ Although medical science _______ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning.
A. achieved B. has achieved C. will achieve D. had achieved
④ As long as you study hard, you are sure to _____ your goal.
A. arrive at B. get to C. reach D. achieve
4) way n. 方式, 辦法
(1) + to do / of doing sth
They had no way to communicate with him.
I don’t like his way of talking.
(2) + clause
I admired him for the way (in which / that ) he faces his difficulties.
我佩服他面對(duì)困難的方式.
10. So it was difficult to remember all the faces and names. (Page 2, line 18)
Sth be difficult to do = it is difficult to do sth
The question is difficult to answer.
= It is difficult to answer the question.
It is difficult for sb to do sth
have difficulty (in) doing sth
They had difficulty in finishing the work.
11. I found the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school, but it was a bit challenging for me at first because all the homework was in English. (Page 2, line 20)
1) what 在句中引導(dǎo)名詞性從句, 在句中作get的賓語. 名詞性從句包括: 賓語從句, 主語從句, 表語從句, 同位語從句; what 在句中充當(dāng)相應(yīng)的句子成分. That 也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句, 但在句中不充當(dāng)成分.
What he said is true. (主語從句)
I still remember what he told me. (__________________)
The fact is that no one likes him.
2) a bit / a little
① 都用于修飾形容詞, 副詞的原級(jí)或比較級(jí)
稍加努力, 你就可以得到更高的分?jǐn)?shù).
Work a bit / little harder and you will earn higher grades.
② a little 可直接修飾名詞, a bit 需加of
a little / a bit of water
③ not a bit = not at all 一點(diǎn)也不
not a little = very 非常,很The snake is ugly. So I don’t like it a bit.
The cat is lovely. So I don’t like it a little.
3) used to do sth 過去常常做…
be used to do sth 被用來做…
be used to doing sth 習(xí)慣做…
There used to be a tree in front of our yard.
過去我們家院子前有一顆樹.
他過去總是起床很晚, 但是現(xiàn)在他習(xí)慣于早晨鍛煉.
He used to get up late in the morning, but now he is used to taking morning exercise.
木頭被用來造紙.
Wood is used to make paper.
12. cooking was really fun as I learned how to buy, prepare and cook food. (Page 3, line 30)
1) fun [U] n. 樂趣
for fun 為了樂趣
have fun 玩得愉快make fun of 嘲笑,取笑…
funny adj. 滑稽的, 好笑的
2) learned how to buy … 為 “動(dòng)詞+ 疑問詞 + 不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu). 有些動(dòng)詞: learn , expect, decide, know, wonder, ask, tell, explain, show, find out, understand, consider, teach, promise 等后面可接 “疑問詞 + 不定式”. 這種結(jié)構(gòu)在語法上起名詞作用, 作賓語時(shí)可替換成賓語從句.
Can you tell us which answer to choose?
= Can you tell us which answer we should choose?
We must decide whether to go or stay.
= We must decide whether we shall go or stay.
[拓展] “疑問詞+不定式”還可以用作主語,表語.用作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞根據(jù)不定式的數(shù)來決定.
When to camping depends on the weather.
What we are discussing is what to do next.
When and where to spend the holiday is still a problem.
When to spend the holiday and how to get to the seashore are our main problem.
3) prepare
prepare sth 準(zhǔn)備某物
The secretary worked into the night, preparing a long speech for the president.
prepare lessons 備課
prepare for ＝make preparations for 為……作準(zhǔn)備
prepare to do sth 準(zhǔn)備做…
prepare sb. for 使某人為……作準(zhǔn)備
be（well）prepared for sth.＝be ready for 為……作好（充分）準(zhǔn)備
be（well）prepared to do sth.＝be ready to do sth. 準(zhǔn)備（好）干某事
Mother is busy preparing breakfast for us.
媽媽正忙著給我們做早飯。He had a speech to prepare that evening.
這天晚上他得準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)報(bào)告。
The students are preparing for the coming sports meet.
學(xué)生們正在為即將到來的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)作準(zhǔn)備。
They were prepared for the worst.
他們?cè)缫褱?zhǔn)備好應(yīng)付最壞的情況。
I'm not prepared to listen to your excuses.
我不想聽你的借口。
12．My English improved a lot as I used English every day and spent an hour each day reading English books in the library.
as 作連詞的用法
＊用于原級(jí)比較，像。。。一樣
He speaks English as well as I.
＊照。。。方式；如同
Do as I say.
當(dāng)。。。時(shí)候；隨著
He saw her as he was getting off the bus.
He sang as he worked.
因?yàn)椋挥捎?/p>
As she has no car, she can’t get there easily.
盡管；雖然
Tired as he was, he went on with his work.
對(duì)應(yīng)練習(xí)
1) The roof fell ____ he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.
A. after B. as
C. before D. until
2) This year they have produced ______ grain _____ they did last year.
A. as less; as B. as few; as C. less; than D. fewer; than
a lot 的用法
在句中做狀語
He travels a lot and knows every corner of the country.
The book is a lot more interesting than that one.
作名詞，做賓語
I have eaten a lot.
可用于禮貌用語 Thanks a lot.
后面加of，表示“許多” a lot of students, a lot of water
13. …, so I could e-mail my family and friends back home for free. (Page 3, line 29)
free 的用法
▲用作形容詞，“自由的；免費(fèi)的；空閑的；慷慨的”
We are free at last.
Are you free tomorrow?
All the soup here is free.
His wife is very free with her money.
他妻子花錢總是大手大腳的.
用作動(dòng)詞，“使。。。自由；解放；免除；清除”
他們把鳥從籠子里放出來了。
They freed the birds from the cage.
拓展。深化
be free to do sth 隨意做某事
for free = free of charge 免費(fèi)的
free from 擺脫(不好的東西), 無…的
You are free to do as you wish.
你想怎么做都可以.
They let me have these books for free.
他們免費(fèi)讓我擁有那些書.
You may park here free of charge after 6 p.m.
下午六點(diǎn)以前你可以免費(fèi)在這兒停車.
My father is a man free from prejudice.
我父親是一個(gè)沒有偏見的人.
freedom n. 自由
freely adv. 率直地
對(duì)應(yīng)練習(xí)
1. They claim to ____ the country _____ its enormous debt.
A. free; from B. get; from C. rob; of D. take away; from
2. ----Does the ticket cost you a lot of money?
----No, it is ________ .
A. costly B. expensive C. high D. free
3. It will be repaired ______ if it goes wrong.
A. freely B. free of charge C. free from charge D. with freedom
14．a(chǎn)s well as 的用法
as well as 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是它之前的部分，它連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞跟前面的名詞保持一致。 它還有“和。。。一樣好”之意。
這位老師和他的學(xué)生們一樣喜歡這本書。
The teacher, as well as his students likes this book.
一些女孩和這個(gè)男孩一樣喜歡打籃球。
Some girls, as well as this boy like playing basketball.
對(duì)應(yīng)練習(xí)
E-mail, as well as telephones, _______ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play
[短語歸納]
1. 高中是發(fā)現(xiàn),學(xué)習(xí)和勤奮工作的一段日子.
High school is a time of discovery, learning and hard work.
2. 看以下的圖畫 look at the pictures below
3. 與某人討論 discuss sth with sb
4. 正在討論中 under discussion
5. 低層樓房 low-rise buildings
6. 感到舒適 feel at ease
7.
8. 放松一下 take one’s ease
9. 輕而易舉的 with ease
10. 減輕疼痛 ease the pain
11. 一次非常愉悅和激動(dòng)的經(jīng)歷 a very enjoyable and exciting experience
12. 對(duì)…感到滿意 be happy / pleased / satisfied with
13. 起床 get up
14. 比平常 than usual
15. 參加集會(huì) attend assembly
16. 學(xué)校規(guī)則 the rules of school
17. 贏得尊重的最好方式 the best way to earn respect
18. 取得高分 achieve high grades
19. 聽起來像 sound like
20. 班主任 class teacher
21. 平均規(guī)模 the average size
22. 平均 on average
23. 搬到不同的教室聽不同的課 move to different classrooms for different classes
24. 過去常常做某事 used to do sth
25. 有點(diǎn)挑戰(zhàn)性 a bit challenging
26. 有很大的提高 improve a lot
27. 在午餐時(shí)間 at lunchtime
28. 免費(fèi)地 for free / free of charge
29. 額外的一節(jié)法語課 an extra French class
30. 在學(xué)期末 at the end of term
31. 放棄一些學(xué)科 drop some subjects
32. 正餐 main meal
33. 體驗(yàn)不同的生活方式 experience this different way of life
34. 逐詞地 word by word
35. 網(wǎng)上沖浪 surf the Internet
36. 有機(jī)會(huì)做某事 have a chance to do sth
37. 向某人自我介紹 introduce oneself to sb
38. 準(zhǔn)備做某事 prepare to do sth